ORGANISMS AND POPULATIONS
IMPORTANT TERMS:
· Adaptation:Structural and functional characteristics of organisms which enable them to survive and reproduce in a particular environment.
· Aestivation:The state of some animals of spending dry hot period in an inactive state.
· Camouflage:Matching of color of some animals with their surrounding so that they remain unnoticed by the prey or the predator.
· Camouflage:The ability of some animals to blend with the surroundings.
· Carrying Capacity: The maximum number of individuals which the environment can support or sustain.
· Climate:Average weather of an area including general patterns of atmospheric seasonal variations and weather extremes.
· Competition:The process in which the fitness of one species is significantly lower in the presence of another species.
· Demography:The scientific study of human population.
· Ecological Niche: The range of conditions that a particular organism can tolerate the resources it utilizes and its functional role in the ecological system.
· Ecology:The study of reciprocal relationship between organisms and their environment.
· Ectotherm (cold blooded animals): The animals, whose body temperature tends to match with the environmental temperature in which they live.
· Emigration: The permanent movement of individuals out of a population.
· Endotherm (Warm blooded animals): The animals, whose body temperature tends to match with the environmental temperature in which they live.
· Environment:Surroundings in which organisms live.
· Habitat:Place occupied by an organism/population/community which is exposed to particular combination of environmental factors.
· Hibernation:The state of some animals of spending winter in dormant condition.
· Home Range: An area where several members or breeding groups of a species roam about during search of food, water and mate.
· Immigration:The permanent entry of individuals into a population from outside.
· Migration:Movement of animals from one region to another with respect to food and weather at definite intervals which always include their return trip.
· Mimicry:Refer to close resemblance of two species, in which the species palatable to its predator is called mimic and the species to which is resemble is called model.
· Mimicry:The phenomenon of modification in a living organism so as to resemble with another organism or some non-living object to escape predation.
· Mortality:The rate at which individuals die in a population.
· Mutualism:An association of two species in which both species are benefited. It may or may not involve close physical association.
· Natality:The rate at which new individuals are added to a population by reproduction.
· Range of tolerance: Range/gradient of an environmental factor which determines the existence and abundance of an organism.
· Resilense:The ability of population to tolerate changes in the environment.
· Xerophytes:Plants of xeric habitat.
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